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We continue to advise:

Do not travel to Somalia due to the dangerous security situation and the threat of armed conflict, terrorism, kidnapping and violent crime.

Somalia (PDF 704.25 KB)

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Advice levels

Do not travel  to Somalia.

Do not travel  to Somalia due to the dangerous security situation and the threat of armed conflict, terrorism, kidnapping and violent crime.

• Do not travel to Somalia. If you're in the country, leave as soon as possible. If you decide to stay, get professional security advice. Our ability to provide consular services is severely limited. 
• Terrorist attacks occur in Somalia. Targets may include Aden Adde International Airport, government officials and buildings, hotels, restaurants, foreigners and foreign interests, and UN workers. Recent incidents have caused hundreds of fatalities and injuries. 
• The kidnapping risk is very high in all parts of Somalia. This includes Puntland and Somaliland. Several active terrorist groups have the intent and capability to kidnap foreigners.  Make sure your movements aren't predictable. Avoid conflict areas.
• Pirate attacks  in and around Somalia's waters, the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden are a serious threat. This includes far off the Somali coast.
• Residential areas and markets in south-central Somalia have experienced shootings and grenade attacks. Avoid large public gatherings.
• The Australian High Commission in Kenya has received reports that some schools and institutions acting as 'cultural rehabilitation’ centres operate in Somalia without oversight. Minors and young adults may be abused or held against their will in these facilities.
• Somalia has extreme weather, including severe droughts, heatwaves and floods. It's also prone to tsunamis. During a natural disaster, monitor local and international media. Follow local advice.

Full travel advice:  Safety

• Malaria occurs across the country. Consider taking anti-malaria medication. Other insect-borne diseases include dengue, yellow fever, filariasis and leishmaniasis. Ensure your accommodation is insect-proof. Use insect repellent. Get vaccinated against yellow fever before you travel.
• Somalia continues to have cases of polio. Ensure your vaccinations are up to date before you travel. Carry proof of vaccination.
• There are cases of HIV/AIDS in Somalia. Take precautions if you're taking part in high-risk activities. If you're a victim of violent crime, including rape, get medical help as soon as possible.
• There are foodborne, waterborne and other infectious diseases in Somalia. This includes cholera, hepatitis and meningococcal disease. Drink only boiled or bottled water. Avoid raw or undercooked food.
• Medical facilities in Somalia are extremely limited. If you're ill or injured, you'll need medical evacuation out of the country. This is expensive and difficult to organise.

Full travel advice:  Health

• Courts operate under both Somali and Sharia law. In areas under al-Shabaab control, sentences include flogging and the death penalty. Get local legal advice, especially on matters such as  sexual assault, divorce, child custody and child support.
• Don't use or carry illegal drugs. Penalties for drug offences are severe. They include prison sentences and heavy fines.
• Same-sex relations are illegal in Somalia. Under sharia law, punishments include flogging and death.
• It's illegal to preach a religion other than Islam in parts of Somalia.
• Some Australian laws apply overseas. It's illegal to support military activities in Somalia without permission from the Australian Government.
• Australian-Somali dual nationals are treated as Somali. Consular help is limited.

Full travel advice:  Local laws

• Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. You should contact the nearest embassy or consulate of Somalia for the latest details.
• Land borders with countries neighbouring Somalia may close at short notice. You should check with local authorities before travelling to the border. You should also monitor Travel Advice for Ethiopia, Kenya or Djibouti. Don't cross the border without the correct documents.
• Visa conditions and validity can change. Your visa might not be recognised in areas where the central government's authority is challenged.

Full travel advice:  Travel

Local contacts

• The  Consular Services Charter  details what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.
• Australia doesn't have a diplomatic mission in Somalia. For consular help, contact the  Australian High Commission in Kenya .
• The ability of the Australian Government to provide consular help to Australians in Somalia is severely limited.
• To stay up to date with local information, follow the High Commission’s social media accounts.

Full travel advice:  Local contacts

Full advice

Terrorist attacks occur frequently in Somalia, and can take place anywhere, at any time. Targets include Somali government officials, foreigners and UN workers. Recent attacks have occurred in Mogadishu, Beledweyne, Baidoa, Galkayo and Kismayo and have resulted in hundreds of fatalities and injuries. 

Somali militants have threatened attacks throughout the country. 

Aden Adde International Airport is a high-priority target because of the large number of foreigners present. 

Common targets

Deadly attacks against government targets, including buildings, are common.

Foreigners and Somalis working for international organisations and the African Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) are also targeted.

Attacks could involve explosions, car bombs and armed gunmen.

Other targets for attacks include:

• hotels, clubs, restaurants, bars and other commercial and public areas visited by government officials and foreigners 
• foreign interests, including embassies, oil companies, oil infrastructure and oil fields
• places of worship, schools, markets, shopping areas, tourist areas, historic sites, outdoor recreation events and other public spaces
• transport and transport infrastructure, including airports and aircraft
• residential areas

There have been more attacks during days of national significance and religious festivals, including Ramadan.

Somalia isn't safe. It doesn't have an effective police force.

Do not travel to Somalia. If you're already there, leave Somalia as soon as possible.

If, despite our advice, you decide to stay, you should:

• get professional security advice
• arrange personal security measures
• plan for uncertainty and stock up on essential items (water, food, toiletries, fuel and prescription medication)
• limit your movements, especially around days of national significance and religious festivals
• be alert at all times 
• have a clear exit plan.

If there's an attack, you should:

• leave the area straight away if it's safe to do so
• avoid the affected area in case of secondary attacks
• monitor the media for any new or emerging threats.

Terrorism is a threat worldwide.

More information:

Kidnapping occurs across the world with political, ideological, and criminal motives. Foreigners, including Australians, have been kidnapped while travelling overseas. Kidnapping can occur anywhere, anytime, including in destinations that are typically considered at lower risk.  The  kidnapping  risk is very high in all parts of Somalia, including Puntland and Somaliland.

Several active terrorist groups have the intent and capability to kidnap foreigners.  Many foreigners, including those of Somali descent, have been kidnapped in Somalia.

Kidnappers may be motivated by crime or terrorism. Armed groups in Somalia have held foreigners kidnapped from Kenya.

Do not travel to Somalia. If you're already in Somalia, leave as soon as possible.

If, despite our advice, you travel to an area with a high risk of kidnapping, you should be aware that our ability to provide consular assistance in these destinations is limited. To reduce the risk of kidnapping:

• keep a low profile
• always be alert to your personal security and surroundings
• vary your routines, so your movements don't become predictable to observers
• get professional security advice for travel in locations with a heightened kidnap risk
• check your accommodation has appropriate security measures
• avoid isolated locations, particularly when travelling alone
• notify family or friends of planned travel and share your location
• avoid talking about your money or business affairs
• always use ATMs in public places and during daylight hours
• avoid giving personal details to strangers online or over the phone

The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn't make payments or concessions to kidnappers.

Ransom payments to kidnappers have funded further terrorist attacks and criminal activity. Paying a ransom to terrorist groups will likely break Australian counter-terrorism financing laws.

Civil unrest and political tension

The political situation is unpredictable, particularly in Mogadishu. Demonstrations can occur and turn violent without warning.  

Armed conflict

Residential areas and markets in south-central Somalia have experienced shootings and grenade attacks.

If you're in Somalia despite our advice:

• avoid areas where conflict is ongoing or political tensions are highest
• avoid all protests, rallies, demonstrations and other public gatherings.

Public protests and events that draw large groups of people can turn violent.

• Demonstrations and civil unrest

Pirate attacks  in and around Somalia's waters, the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden are an increasingly frequent and serious threat. This includes far off the Somali coast.

Pirates are heavily armed, have attacked vessels and held foreigners hostage for ransom in the Gulf of Aden.

Attractive targets for pirates include:

• local fishing dhows
• commercial boats
• pleasure crafts
• luxury cruise liners

Don't travel in Somali waters or surrounds, or you face the risk of being hijacked and held hostage for ransom. 

If you need to  travel by boat  in Somali waters or surrounds, you should:

• stay out of the  designated High Risk Area
• travel in groups or convoys
• always stay in close contact with convoy members
• arrange personal security
• Advice for sailing vessels  (Maritime Security Centre - Horn of Africa)
• Piracy reports  issued by the International Maritime Bureau (IMB).

Cultural 'rehabilitation' facilities and schools

The Australian High Commission in Kenya has received reports that some schools and institutions acting as 'cultural rehabilitation' centres operate in Somalia without oversight. The reports claim that minors and young adults may be abused and held against their will in these facilities.

Violent crime

There's no effective police force in Somalia. There's a breakdown in law and order. Lawlessness, clan violence and looting are common.

Anti-Western attitudes are strong in some parts of Somalia. Foreigners are sometimes violently harassed, including people of Somali descent.

Cyber security

You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you’re connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or to Bluetooth.

Social media can also be risky in destinations where there are social or political tensions or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media.

• Cyber security when travelling overseas

Other factors

Extreme weather conditions in southern and central Somalia have added to the unstable security environment. Areas bordering Ethiopia and Kenya are also affected.

Food shortages and population displacements have left thousands of people homeless and vulnerable. This has led to more disease and more crime.

If you're in Somalia despite our advice, you should:

• always travel with your vehicle's doors locked and windows up
• lock the doors and windows of your accommodation
• be alert at all times.

There are cases of HIV/AIDS in Somalia. If you're a victim of violent crime, including rape, see a doctor as soon as possible.

Climate and natural disasters

Somalia experiences  natural disasters  and  severe weather , including  tsunamis and floods .

If, despite our advice, you travel to or stay in Somalia and a natural disaster occurs:

• store your passport in a safe, waterproof place
• monitor local media and the  World Meteorological Organization Severe Weather Information Centre
• check other sources, such as the  Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System
• keep in touch with friends and family.

If you're near the coast, move immediately to high ground if advised to by local authorities, or if you:

• see a sudden rise or fall in sea level
• hear loud and unusual noises from the sea.

Don't wait for official warnings, such as alarms or sirens. Once on high ground, check local media.

Severe weather

Somalia's weather can be extreme. There are regular droughts and floods.

Because of severe weather, many areas of Somalia suffer from food shortages. Thousands of people are left without a place to live, leading to more disease and higher security threats to foreigners.

Somalia is often very hot. The average maximum temperature can be more than 45˚C.

Stay out of the sun and drink water to avoid dehydration.

The monsoon season runs from May to October in the south-west. It's from December to February in the north-east.

Travel insurance

Get comprehensive  travel insurance  before you leave. 

Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.

You'll need a specialised insurance policy that covers travel to high-risk destinations. Most Australian policies won't cover you for travel to Somalia.

If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.

If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.

• what activities and care your policy covers
• that your insurance covers you for the whole time you'll be away.

Physical and mental health

Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition.

See your doctor or travel clinic to:

• have a basic health check-up
• ask if your travel plans may affect your health
• plan any vaccinations you need

Do this at least 8 weeks before you leave.

If you have immediate concerns for your welfare or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location.

• General health advice
• Healthy holiday tips  (Healthdirect Australia)

Medications

Not all medication available over the counter or by prescription in Australia is available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in Somalia. Take enough legal medication for your trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription or a letter from your doctor stating:

• what the medication is
• your required dosage
• that it's for personal use

Health risks

Insect-borne diseases

Malaria  occurs throughout the year in all parts of Somalia. Current treatments aren't effective against some strains.

Other insect-borne diseases also occur. These include:

• yellow fever
• leishmaniasis

To protect yourself from disease:

• ensure your accommodation is insect-proof
• use insect repellent
• wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing.

Get vaccinated against yellow fever before you travel.

Consider taking medicine to prevent malaria.

Get medical advice if you have a fever, muscle pain, rash or severe headache.

• Infectious diseases

Outbreaks of  polio  have occurred in Somalia.

Check your polio vaccination status with your doctor or travel clinic at least 8 weeks before you travel. You may need a booster dose.

If you aren't vaccinated, complete the full course of vaccinations before you leave.

If you're staying in Somalia for longer than 4 weeks, you'll need to show proof when you exit that you've had the polio vaccine or a booster within the past 12 months. If you don't, you may need to be vaccinated before leaving Somalia.

• Polio surveillance program  (Australian Department of Health and Aged Care) 
• Australian Immunisation Handbook

There are cases of  HIV/AIDS  in Somalia.

Protect yourself from infection if engaging in activities that expose you to risk.

If you're a victim of violent crime, including rape, get medical help as soon as possible.

Other health risks

Waterborne, foodborne and other infectious diseases are common. These include:

• meningococcal disease
• tuberculosis
• rift valley fever

To protect yourself from illness:

• drink boiled water or bottled water with sealed lids
• avoid ice cubes
• avoid raw and undercooked food, such as salads
• don't swim in fresh water to avoid exposure to waterborne diseases.

Get medical advice if you have a fever or diarrhoea.

Medical care

Medical facilities.

Medical facilities in Somalia are extremely limited.

If you become seriously ill or injured, you'll need to be evacuated to a place with suitable facilities. Medical evacuation can be very expensive. It can also be difficult to organise.

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.

If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our  Consular Services Charter . But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.

Consular help

Somalia hasn't signed the Vienna Conventions on diplomatic and consular relations.

If you're arrested or detained, you may not be able to contact the Australian Government or access consular services.

Penalties for drug offences are severe. They may include prison and heavy fines.

• Carrying or using drugs

Courts operate under both Somali and Sharia law.

Strict sharia law is in force in areas under al-Shabaab control. Sentences include physical punishments such as flogging and the death penalty.

Get professional advice on local legal matters, particularly about:

• child custody
• child support
• sexual assault and rape

Be aware of your rights and responsibilities.

Criminal laws are inconsistently enforced in Somalia. Due process isn't always followed.

Same-sex relations are illegal in Somalia. Punishments under strict Sharia law include flogging or death.

It's also illegal to preach a religion other than Islam in Puntland or Somaliland.

• Advice for LGBTQIA+ travellers

Australian laws

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

Australia implements  UN sanctions on Somalia , including an arms embargo.  

• Staying within the law and respecting customs
• Forced marriage
• Female genital mutilation

Dual citizenship

If you're an Australian-Somali dual national, Somali officials will treat you as Somali.

You may not be able to contact the Australian Government if you're arrested or detained. Consular help may be limited.

• Dual nationals

Local customs

Cultural sensitivities.

Somalia has strict conservative standards of dress and behaviour. If in doubt, ask for local advice.

The Islamic holiday month of Ramadan is observed in Somalia. Respect religious and cultural customs and laws at this time.

During Ramadan, eating, drinking, and smoking may be illegal in public during the day. If you're not fasting, avoid these activities around people who are. Seek local advice to avoid offence.

Explore our Ramadan page to learn more, including dates for Ramadan.

Visas and border measures

Every country or territory decides who can enter or leave through its borders. For specific information about the evidence you'll need to enter a foreign destination, check with the nearest embassy, consulate or immigration department of the destination you're entering. 

Entry and exit requirements can change. Contact an Embassy or Consulate-General of Somalia  for details about visas, currency, customs and quarantine rules.

Consulates and other diplomatic missions of Somalia have connections with the central government. However, the central government's authority isn't recognised everywhere.

Visas might not be valid in areas where the central government's authority is challenged, particularly in Somaliland and Puntland. If you're visiting these areas, direct your visa enquiries to the person or organisation you will be visiting.

Permanent Representative of the Somali Republic to the United Nations 425 East 61st Street, Suite 702 New York, 10021, United States Phone: (+212) 688 9410/5046 Fax: (+212) 759 0651

Border measures

International and domestic flights are operating. 

Check requirements with local authorities before making any travel arrangements.

Passengers must arrive at the border checkpoint at least 3 hours before departure for health and safety procedures.

Land borders with countries neighbouring Somalia may close at short notice. Check with local authorities before travelling to the border. You should also monitor Travel Advice for  Ethiopia ,  Kenya  or  Djibouti . Don't cross the border without the correct documents.

Other formalities

Yellow fever vaccination.

You may need a valid  yellow fever vaccination certificate to enter Somalia. You may need to show proof of vaccination if you're coming from a country where yellow fever occurs. 

Find out about returning to Australia if you've been  exposed to yellow fever .

• Countries with a risk of yellow fever

Some countries won't let you enter unless your passport is valid for 6 months after you plan to leave that country. This can apply even if you're just transiting or stopping over.

Some foreign governments and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Travellers can receive conflicting advice from different sources.

You can end up stranded if your passport is not valid for more than 6 months.

The Australian Government does not set these rules. Check your passport's expiry date before you travel. If you're not sure it'll be valid for long enough, consider getting  a new passport .

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who may try to use your identity to commit crimes.

Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport. Always keep it in a safe place.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible:

• In Australia, contact the  Australian Passport Information Service .
• If you're overseas, contact the nearest  Australian embassy or consulate .

Passport with ‘X’ gender identifier 

Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can’t guarantee that a passport showing 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest  embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination  before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers.

• LGBTQIA+ travellers

The local currency is the Somali Shilling (SOS). US dollars are widely accepted.

The government regulates currency transfer and exchange. 

Australian currency, credit cards and traveller's cheques aren't accepted.

ATMs aren't usually available.

Local travel

Landmines and unexploded ordnance are a danger throughout Somalia.

Road travel

Road travel in Somalia is dangerous.

Hazards include terrorism, poor road conditions, landmines and criminal activity.

Illegal roadblocks are common. See 'Safety' section for more information.

If you need to travel by road:

• get local advice on routes
• seek professional security advice
• take steps to protect your safety
• make backup plans.
• Driving or riding

Aden Adde International Airport is a high-priority target for attack due to the presence of foreigners. Due to security threats, it's often closed with little or no warning.

Other airports and aircraft are also possible targets for terror attacks.

DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check  Somalia's air safety profile  with the Aviation Safety Network.

Emergencies

Consular contacts.

Read the  Consular Services Charter  for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.

The security situation in Somalia limits the ability of the Australian Government to provide consular help.

Australia doesn't have a diplomatic mission in Somalia. Contact the Australian High Commission in Kenya for consular help.

You may consider registering for updates from other missions in Somalia.

Australian High Commission, Nairobi

Limuru Road, Rosslyn Nairobi, Kenya  PO Box 3008 - 00 Phone: +254 20 427 7100  Email:  [email protected] Website:  kenya.highcommission.gov.au   Facebook:  Australian High Commission, Kenya Twitter:  @AusHCKenya

Instagram: @AusHCKenya

Check the High Commission website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

• +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
• 1300 555 135 in Australia

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Somalia travel advice

Latest updates: Health – editorial update

Last updated: August 20, 2024 14:45 ET

On this page

Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, somalia - avoid all travel.

Avoid all travel to Somalia. If you are currently in Somalia despite this advisory, you should leave immediately.

The security situation in Somalia is extremely volatile and the threat of domestic terrorism is high, particularly in south-central Somalia and in the capital, Mogadishu.

Back to top

There is no resident Canadian government office in Somalia; therefore, the Government of Canada can’t provide consular assistance to you if you are in distress in Somalia. If so, you will have to make your way to the nearest Canadian embassy or consulate or rely on your own resources.

The rule of law is virtually non-existent. Violent demonstrations, suicide bombings, attacks and military activity occur regularly. The current situation represents a very serious threat to travellers. Be aware that anti-Western sentiment may at times be strong. Foreign travellers, including journalists, human rights activists and humanitarian workers, are at very high risk of kidnapping, murder and arrest without notice or apparent cause. 

If you choose to travel to Somalia despite this advisory, you may have difficulty in departing the country.

Political situation

The political situation is unpredictable, especially in Mogadishu.

Clashes between security forces and protesters have occurred. There has also been an increase in attacks within the capital, resulting in civilian casualties and infrastructure damage.

Similar incidents could occur without warning. Demonstrations could also occur and turn violent at any time.

If you are in Somalia:

• monitor the local media to stay informed on the evolving situation
• follow the advice of local authorities

There is a threat of terrorism, particularly in south-central Somalia and in the capital, Mogadishu. Fighting over the control of these areas between the government (supported by international troops), and terrorist groups has been ongoing. Attacks against government targets involving the use of heavy weapons are frequent, particularly in Mogadishu. Civilian casualties are not uncommon. Further attacks are likely.  

Targets could include:

• government buildings, including schools
• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• public areas such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres, markets, hotels and other sites frequented by foreigners

High-profile events could also be targeted

Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places.

Somaliland and Puntland

Somaliland (a self-declared republic seeking independence) and Puntland (an administrative region in the northeast) have remained more stable than the south-central part of the country. Nonetheless, violent attacks on foreign targets have occurred in these regions.

Inter-clan conflicts often erupt into fighting in the Sanaag and Sool regions of Somaliland along the border with Puntland. Tensions and violence in the south of the country could spread to Somaliland and Puntland at any time.

Kidnappings

Foreigners are at very high risk of being kidnapped throughout Somalia, including in Somaliland. Several Westerners, including humanitarian workers, have been kidnapped.

There are high levels of crime conducted by armed militias throughout the country. Armed robberies, carjackings and murders occur regularly.

Demonstrations

Demonstrations take place frequently and can turn violent at any time.

• Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
• Follow the instructions of local authorities
• Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

Border closures

The land border between Kenya and Somalia remains closed and air traffic between the two countries is subject to special procedures by the Kenyan government.

Mogadishu Aden Adde International Airport is often closed with little or no warning due to fighting.

Tourist facilities

Tourist facilities are not available.

Electricity and water provisions are not assured.

International telephone services and Internet access are limited to larger cities, where services are unreliable.

Pirate attacks and armed robbery against ships occur in coastal waters. Mariners should take appropriate precautions.

Live piracy report - International Maritime Bureau

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the Somalian authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid upon entry.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Useful links

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

You need a visa to visit those areas under the authority of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG), Somaliland and Puntland.

To visit areas under the authority of the TFG : you should obtain, in advance, a visa from the Embassy of Somali Republic in Kenya.

To visit Somaliland and Puntland direct your visa inquiries to the person/organization you will be visiting, as there is no office in Kenya to issue these visas.

• Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• Polio: Advice for travellers - 20 August, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.

Malaria is a risk to travellers to this destination.   Antimalarial medication is recommended for most travellers to this destination and should be taken as recommended. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.    Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times: 

• Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.
• Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows.
• Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.
• Wear permethrin-treated clothing. 

 If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living. 

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is low potential for yellow fever exposure in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is required if you are coming from a country   where yellow fever occurs.

Recommendation

• Vaccination may be recommended depending on your itinerary.
• Contact a designated  Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre  well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.
• Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites .

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada * It is important to note that  country entry requirements  may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest  diplomatic or consular office  of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

In this destination, rabies is commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions , including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.

If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. In this destination, rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.  

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals). 

Polio (poliomyelitis) is an infectious disease that can be prevented by vaccination. It is caused by poliovirus type 1, 2 or 3. Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus 2 (cVDPV2) is present in this country.

Polio is spread from person to person and through contaminated food and water. Infection with the polio virus can cause paralysis and death in individuals of any age who are not immune.

Recommendations:

• Be sure that your polio vaccinations are up to date before travelling. Polio is part of the routine vaccine schedule for children in Canada.
• One booster dose of the polio vaccine is recommended as an adult .

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Cholera is a risk in parts of this country. Most travellers are at very low risk.

To protect against cholera, all travellers should practise safe food and water precautions .

Travellers at higher risk of getting cholera include those:

• visiting, working or living in areas with limited access to safe food, water and proper sanitation
• visiting areas where outbreaks are occurring

Vaccination may be recommended for high-risk travellers, and should be discussed with a health care professional.

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

There is a risk of schistosomiasis in this destination. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by tiny worms (blood flukes) which can be found in freshwater (lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands). The worms can break the skin, and their eggs can cause stomach pain, diarrhea, flu-like symptoms, or urinary problems. Schistosomiasis mostly affects underdeveloped and r ural communities, particularly agricultural and fishing communities.

Most travellers are at low risk. Travellers should avoid contact with untreated freshwater such as lakes, rivers, and ponds (e.g., swimming, bathing, wading, ingesting). There is no vaccine or medication available to prevent infection.

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

There is a risk of chikungunya in this country. The level of risk may vary by:

The virus that causes chikungunya is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. It can cause fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times.

Learn more:

Insect bite and pest prevention Chikungunya

Visceral  leishmaniasis   (or kala azar) affects the bone marrow and internal organs. It is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of a female sandfly. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion or sharing contaminated needles. If left untreated it can cause death. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from sandfly bites, which typically occur after sunset in rural and forested areas and in some urban centres. There is no vaccine or medication to protect against leishmaniasis.

• In this country,   dengue  is a risk to travellers. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
• Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
• The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
• Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites . There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue.

Rift Valley fever is a viral disease that can cause severe flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can be fatal. It is spread to humans through contact with infected animal blood or tissues, from the bite of an infected mosquito, or eating or drinking unpasteurized dairy. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from insect bites and avoid animals, particularly livestock, and unpasteurized dairy. There is no vaccine available for Rift Valley fever.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Tuberculosis is an infection caused by bacteria and usually affects the lungs.

For most travellers the risk of tuberculosis is low.

Travellers who may be at high risk while travelling in regions with risk of tuberculosis should discuss pre- and post-travel options with a health care professional.

High-risk travellers include those visiting or working in prisons, refugee camps, homeless shelters, or hospitals, or travellers visiting friends and relatives.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)   is a virus that attacks and impairs the immune system, resulting in a chronic, progressive illness known as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). 

High risk activities include anything which puts you in contact with blood or body fluids, such as unprotected sex and exposure to unsterilized needles for medications or other substances (for example, steroids and drugs), tattooing, body-piercing or acupuncture.

Medical services and facilities

There are virtually no health facilities or medicines available in Somalia. You must be completely self-sufficient.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Health and safety outside Canada

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

In 2024, the lunar month of Ramadan is expected to begin on or around March 10.

In public, between sunrise and sunset, refrain from:

2SLGBTQI+ persons

Somalian law prohibits sexual acts between individuals of the same sex.

2SLGBTQI+ persons should carefully consider the risks of travelling to Somalia.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

Forced marriage

Forced marriage affecting foreigners occur. It sometimes occurs without the affected person’s prior knowledge or consent.

Parents, relatives and the community may use relentless pressure and emotional blackmail, threatening behaviour, abduction, imprisonment and physical violence to coerce young people to enter into marriage. While both men and women experience forced marriage, it is a form of violence most commonly perpetrated against women and girls. People have been unable to return to Canada because their passports and money have been withheld by family members.

• General information and advice about forced marriage
• Safe travel guide for women

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in Somalia.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of Somalia, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements .

Dual citizens

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and Somalia.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in Somalia by an abducting parent:

• act as quickly as you can
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in Somalia to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children's Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country's judicial affairs.

• International Child Abductions: A guide for affected parents
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Request emergency assistance

The currency is the Somali shilling (SOS), except in Somaliland, which uses the Somaliland shilling. U.S. dollars are widely accepted. Credit cards and traveller’s cheques are not accepted in Somalia, and there are no automated banking machines (ABMs).

The climate in Somalia is very hot and dry. However, a monsoon season extends from May to October in the southwest and from December to February in the northeast. There are also short rainy seasons in other parts of the country. Keep informed of regional weather forecasts and plan accordingly.

Local services

There is no centralized number to reach emergency services. Research and carry contact information for local police and medical facilities.

Consular assistance

There is no resident Canadian government office in Somalia. You can obtain consular assistance and further consular information from the High Commission of Canada in Kenya, in Nairobi.

Burundi, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda

For emergency consular assistance, call the High Commission of Canada in Kenya, in Nairobi, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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Travel Advisory July 23, 2024

Somalia - level 4: do not travel.

Updated with changes to security information.

Do not travel to Somalia due to crime , terrorism , civil unrest, health issues, kidnapping, piracy, and lack of availability of routine consular services.

Country Summary:  Violent crime, such as kidnapping and murder, is common throughout Somalia. Illegal roadblocks are widespread.

The U.S. government has extremely limited ability to help U.S. citizens in Somalia because there is no permanent consular officer in Somalia, including the Somaliland region. If a traveler’s passport is lost, stolen, or expires, or the traveler becomes destitute the U.S. government may be unable to assist.

Some schools and other facilities act as “rehabilitation” centers and “de-westernization” camps. These facilities exist throughout Somalia with little or no licensing and oversight. Reports of physical abuse are common. People also report being held against their will in these facilities.

There are frequent reports of U.S. citizens who have their passports taken by family members, leaving them unable to depart Somalia. This often occurs when U.S. citizens travel to Somalia to visit family or attend an event. Some adult U.S. citizens are then unable to leave the international airport without explicit consent from their family.

Terrorists continue to plot kidnappings, bombings, and other attacks in Somalia. They may attack with little or no warning, targeting airports, seaports, and government buildings. Terrorists also target hotels, restaurants, shopping areas, and other places that attract large crowds and tourists. Government, military, and other convoys, including those carrying tourists are also targets. Methods of attack can include car bombs, suicide bombers, individual attackers, and rocket fire, among others. While some areas have experienced less severe terrorist activity, such as the Somaliland region, terrorist attacks involving the indiscriminate use of explosive devices and other weapons can take place anywhere in Somalia at any time without warning. The U.S. Embassy imposes strict limits on employee movement in Mogadishu based on the critical threat environment.

Civil unrest, including protests and demonstrations, occurs throughout Somalia and can sometimes be violent.

Medical facilities in Somalia have limited capacity and are often absent in rural areas.

Pirates are active in the waters off the Horn of Africa, especially off the coast of Puntland.

Due to risks to civil aviation operating within or in the vicinity of Somalia, the Federal Aviation Administration has issued a Special Federal Aviation Regulation.  For more information, U.S. citizens should consult the  Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions, and Notices .

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Somalia.

If you decide to travel to Somalia:

• Review your personal security plan and visit our page on  Travel to High-Risk Areas .
• Make a plan to exit Somalia if the situation gets worse. Identify multiple options for leaving Somalia and know the entry requirements for U.S. citizens in to neighboring countries.
• Avoid sailing near the coast of Somalia and review the  Live Piracy Report  published by the International Maritime Bureau.
• Draft a will and designate appropriate insurance beneficiaries and/or power of attorney.
• Discuss a plan with loved ones regarding care/custody of children, pets, property, belongings, non-liquid assets (collections, artwork, etc.), funeral wishes, etc.
• Share important documents, login information, and points of contact with loved ones so that they can manage your affairs if you are unable to return as planned to the United States. Find a suggested list of such documents here .
• Make your own personal security plan with your employer or host organization (if you are traveling on business) or consider consulting with a professional security organization.
• Develop a communication plan with family and/or your employer or host organization (if you are traveling on business), so that they can monitor your safety and location as you travel through high-risk areas.  This plan should specify whom you would contact first, and how that person should share the information.
• Identify key sources of possible assistance for you and your family in case of emergency, such as your employer (if traveling on business), and local friends/family as well as friends/family outside Somalia.
• Appoint one family member to be the point of contact with hostage-takers and media.
• Appoint a family member to be the contact for the U.S. and host country government agencies, and members of Congress if you are taken hostage or detained.
• Discuss a proof of life protocol with your loved ones, so that if you are taken hostage, your loved ones can know specific questions (and answers) to ask the hostage-takers to be sure that you are alive (and to rule out a scam).
• Leave DNA samples with your medical provider in case it is necessary for your family to access them.
• Erase any sensitive photos, comments, or other materials from your social media pages, cameras, laptops, and other electronic devices. These could be considered controversial or provocative by local groups.
• Leave your expensive/sentimental belongings behind.
• Enroll your trip in the State Department's  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) .
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  X .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Somalia.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations.  Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel.

Embassy Messages

View Alerts and Messages Archive

Quick Facts

6 months from date of entry

Yellow fever vaccination is not required, but most countries transited by airlines flying in and out of Somalia require proof of yellow fever vaccination.

Embassies and Consulates

The U.S. Embassy in Somalia is unable to provide consular services at this time. The U.S. Embassy in Nairobi covers Somalia’s consular district.

For American Citizens Services please contact:

U.S. Embassy Kenya

United Nations Avenue Gigiri, Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: (254) (20) 363-6451 (Monday through Thursday, 7:15 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. and Friday from 7:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m.) Emergency After-Hours Telephone: (254) (20) 363-6000 Email:   [email protected]

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

Requirements for entry:

o   Obtain before traveling or obtain a 60-day tourist visa upon arrival in Mogadishu for $60)

o   Visit the Permanent Mission of the Somali Republic to the United Nations website, the Somali Department of Immigration and Naturalization website, or the nearest Somali embassy or consulate for visa information.

The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of Somalia.

Find information on  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction , and  customs regulations  on our websites.

Safety and Security

The U.S. government has extremely limited ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens in Somalia due to the lack of a permanent consular presence in Somalia, including the Somaliland region. U.S. citizens can contact the U.S. Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. In an emergency, you will have to rely on your own resources or journey to the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate outside of Somalia.

Terrorism:  Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad. Terrorists are increasingly using less sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to more effectively target crowds. Frequently, their aim is unprotected or vulnerable targets, such as: 

• High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.) 
• Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by foreigners 
• Places of worship 
• Schools 
• Parks 
• Shopping malls and markets 
• Public transportation systems (including buses and scheduled commercial flights)  
• Checkpoints

Terrorist organizations and armed groups in Somalia attack government authorities and facilities; African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) personnel and bases; and civilian and non-governmental targets, including but not limited to hotels, restaurants, airports, seaports, and shopping areas. Inter-clan and factional violence are also regular occurrences throughout Somalia.

Al-Shabaab, an al-Qa’ida-affiliated foreign terrorist organization based in Somalia, has repeatedly attacked Mogadishu’s Aden Adde International Airport (AAIA) and other locations in Somalia with mortars, small arms and light weapons, and vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices (VBIEDs). The group’s recent attacks include a March 23, 2022, small arms and mortar attack at the AAIA compound in Mogadishu, where the U.S. Embassy, several other diplomatic posts, and the UN offices are based, which killed seven people. Later the same day, two attacks in Beledweyne killed 48 and wounded 108. On January 12, 2022, a VBIED motorcade attack approximately four kilometers from the U.S. Embassy injured two U.S. citizen contractors and killed five non-U.S. citizen employees providing security and killed an unconfirmed number of bystanders. Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for all of these attacks. While some areas have experienced less severe terrorist activity, such as the Somaliland region, where there have been no major terrorist attacks since 2008, terrorist attacks involving the indiscriminate use of explosive devices and other weapons can take place anywhere in Somalia at any time without warning.

For more information, see our Terrorism page.

Crime: Violent crime such as kidnapping, bombings, indirect fire attacks, murder, armed robbery, carjacking, and illegal roadblocks by armed individuals in uniforms occur throughout Somalia, including the self-declared autonomous region of Somaliland. Somali authorities have limited capacity and resources to investigate and prosecute criminal activity.

U.S. citizens should:

• Avoid walking alone, especially at night.
• Avoid displaying cash and valuable personal property.
• Dress conservatively.
• Carry a copy of your U.S. passport and visa. Keep original documents in a secure location.
• Maintain caution in areas frequented by foreigners.
• Be cautious when traveling in major cities and along border areas.

Demonstrations occur frequently. They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events.

• Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly become violent. 
• Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations. 
• Check local media for updates and traffic advisories. 

Cultural Rehabilitation Centers: Some schools and other facilities acting as “cultural rehabilitation” centers are operating in Somalia with inadequate or nonexistent licensing and oversight. Reports of minors and young adults being held in these facilities against their will and physically abused are common.

Somalia-Kenya Border: Cross-border violence attributed to al-Shabaab and skirmishes between the Somali and Kenyan armies occurs periodically, including large-scale attacks against civilians, government security forces, and AMISOM troops. Kidnapping, IED, and grenade attacks targeting international aid workers and civilians occur. Al-Shabaab actively operates in border areas, including Kenya’s Lamu and Wajir counties.

International Financial Scams: See the  Department of State  and FBI   pages for information.

Victims of Crime: U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy in Kenya for assistance. Report crimes to the nearest local police and contact the U.S. Embassy in Kenya at (254) (20) 363-6451 during business hours or (254) (20) 363-6000 outside business hours. Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime.

See our webpage on help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent.
• Provide information on victim assistance resources in the United States .
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution.
• Help you find accommodation in Kenya and arrange flights home from Somalia or Kenya.
• Replace a stolen or lost passport at the U.S. Embassy in Kenya.

Domestic Violence: U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy in Kenya for assistance.

Tourism: No formal tourism industry infrastructure exists in Somalia. Tourists participate in activities at their own risk. Emergency response and subsequent appropriate medical treatment are not available in Somalia. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance . 

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties: You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. You may be taken in for questioning by the police if unable to produce an acceptable form of identification. Convictions for possessing, using, or trafficking in illegal drugs result in long prison sentences and heavy fines.

Local courts operate under a combination of Somali customary and Islamic law, some of which may be hostile towards foreigners.

Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the relevant local authorities prior to practicing a profession or operating a business. 

Furthermore, some crimes are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the  Department of Justice  website.

Arrest Notification : Somali law enforcement officials routinely block access to foreign and dual nationals in detention. The U.S. Embassy in Kenya may not receive notification or be allowed access to you if you are detained. Furthermore, dual U.S.-Somali citizens are recognized as Somali citizens by authorities, which impedes our ability to provide any consular assistance. If you are arrested or detained, ask Somali police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy in Kenya immediately. The U.S. government’s ability to provide consular services across Somalia is severely restricted due to ongoing security concerns and the lack of a permanent consular presence in Somalia, including the Somaliland region See our  webpage  for further information.

Photography:  Do not take pictures of government buildings, military installations, or key infrastructure such as airports and border controls. You could be detained or arrested, fined, and have your equipment confiscated. Do not take photos of people without their permission.

Phone Service:  Cellular phones are used extensively. SIM cards can be purchased locally and used with a compatible cell phone.

Currency:  The Somali shilling is the unit of currency except in the Somaliland region, which uses the Somaliland shilling. Be advised that most Somali shillings in circulation are believed to be counterfeit. U.S. dollars are widely accepted. Credit cards and traveler's checks are generally not accepted, and you are advised against using your credit card in Somalia, even if accepted. It is not possible to obtain currency advances against a credit card. ATMs are increasingly available in Mogadishu. ATMs in Somalia disburse U.S. dollars.

Faith-Based Travelers:  See our webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports
• Human Rights Report  – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

LGBTI+ Travelers:  Same-sex sexual contact is punishable by three months to three years in prison. Anti-discrimination provisions do not apply to LGBTI individuals. Society considers sexual orientation a taboo topic, so there is no known public discussion of this issue. Severe societal stigma typically prevents LGBTI individuals from making their sexual orientation publicly known.

See our  LGBTI travel information  page and section 6 of our  Human Rights Report  for further details.

Travelers with Disabilities:  The provisional constitution prohibits the state from discriminating against any person on the basis of disability. However, it makes no reference to discrimination in the private sector. Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is not as prevalent as in the United States. Few government buildings, schools, banks, or grocery stores have accessible facilities, including in Mogadishu. Some hospitals and clinics are equally inaccessible to people with disabilities and lack wheelchair ramps or lifts, including some of the hospitals travelers commonly use. Expect accessibility to be very limited in transportation, lodging, communication/information, and general infrastructure, and largely absent outside of major cities. 

Much of the disability equipment for sale locally is refurbished rather than new. Replacement parts can be found in local informal markets and are also generally refurbished parts. Imported higher-end equipment such as electric wheelchairs and lifting equipment can be purchased from a very limited number of medical equipment suppliers in the major cities. Almost all supplies must be purchased and imported from overseas.

Students:  See our  students abroad  page and  FBI travel tips . We are aware of allegations that some boarding schools in Somalia engage in abusive practices such as corporal punishment, physical restraint, and confiscation of travel documents.

Youth: We are aware of cases of forced marriage. Some facilities involved in “cultural rehabilitation” (“dhaqan celis,” meaning “returning to Somali culture”) engage in abusive practices such as corporal punishment, physical restraint, and confiscation of travel documents.

Women Travelers:  There are no laws against spousal violence, including rape. There are documented patterns of rape perpetrated with impunity, particularly of displaced women and members of minority clans. Authorities rarely use formal structures to address rape. Survivors suffer from subsequent discrimination based on the attribution of “impurity.” Domestic and sexual violence against women remain serious problems, despite the provisional federal constitution provision prohibiting any form of violence against women. See our travel tips for  women travelers .

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C):  Although the provisional federal constitution prohibits the circumcision of girls, FGM/C is almost universally practiced throughout the country. Up to 98 percent of women and girls have reportedly undergone FGM/C, primarily between the ages of 5 and 14 years.

Water, health, and electricity systems in Somalia are poor.

Medical care and services are extremely limited. Medicines are in short supply, and many pharmacies stock ineffective or counterfeit medications. Most care providers expect payment in U.S. dollars/Somali shillings prior to treatment.

Ambulance services are not present or are unreliable in most areas except Mogadishu. Somalia Red Crescent Society services may be available in some areas in case of disasters/emergency.

We do not pay medical bills. Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance. 

Medical Insurance: Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our webpage for more information on insurance overseas. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on the type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation. Medical evacuation services in Somalia are extremely limited, and services responding from outside of the country will take more than six hours to respond.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with the Somali Ministry of Health to ensure the medication is legal in Somalia. 

Vaccinations: Be up to date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

If you will be in Somalia for more than four weeks, the Somali government may require you to show proof of polio vaccination when you are exiting the country. If you were vaccinated against polio as a child but have never had a polio booster dose as an adult, or if you were not completely vaccinated as a child/do not know your vaccination status, talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated. To meet this requirement while in Somalia, you should receive a polio vaccine between 4 weeks and 12 months before the date you are leaving Somalia. Talk to your doctor about whether this requirement applies to you.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  

Air Quality:  Visit  AirNow Department of State for information on air quality at U.S. embassies and consulates. 

Health facilities in general 

• Public medical clinics lack basic resources and supplies. 
• Hospitals and doctors often require payment “up front” prior to service or admission. Credit card payment is generally unavailable. Most hospitals and medical professionals require cash payment.
• Generally, in hospitals only minimal staff is available overnight. Consider hiring a private nurse or having family spend the night with the patient, especially a minor child.
• Patients bear all costs for transfer to or between hospitals. 
• Psychological and psychiatric services are limited, even in the larger cities, with hospital-based care only available through government institutions. 

The following diseases are prevalent:

• African Tick Bite Fever
• Chikungunya
• Hepatitis A
• Hepatitis B
• Leishmaniasis
• Leptospirosis
• Schistosomiasis
• Tuberculosis (TB)
• Yellow Fever

Food-borne and water-borne illnesses are common. 

Use the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended mosquito repellents and sleep under insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets. Chemoprophylaxis is recommended for all travelers even for short stays.

Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about resources for travelers regarding specific issues in Somalia .

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety: Road conditions are poor. Night driving is particularly dangerous due to the absence of lighting and terrorist- or militia-operated checkpoints. Other risks include lack of traffic lights and pedestrians and animals in the road. Refer to our road safety page for more information. The U.S. Embassy prohibits its employees from traveling outside the AAIA compound or using public transportation due to safety concerns.

Aviation Safety Oversight: As there is no direct commercial air service to the United States by carriers registered in Somalia, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has not assessed the government of Somalia’s Civil Aviation Authority for compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization aviation safety standards. Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page .

The FAA has issued a Notice to Air Mission containing information on the U.S. prohibition against U.S. civil aviation operations in airspace over Somalia. For background information and advisories consult the Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions, and Notices .

The U.S. Embassy prohibits its employees from using commercial airlines originating from or arriving in Somalia due to safety concerns.

Maritime Travel: Information may be posted at U.S. maritime advisories and alerts , the U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Administration , the  U.S. Coast Guard homeport website , and the  NGA broadcast warnings .

Port Security:  The Commandant of the Coast Guard is unable to determine if effective anti-terrorism measures are in place in Somalia ports as required by 46 U.S. Code § 70108.”

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on X (formerly known as "Twitter") and Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

For additional IPCA-related information, please see the  International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act (ICAPRA)  report.

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SomaliaTravel Guide A-Z

We Somalia: Your Comprehensive Somalia Travel Guide for Safety and Security. Discover bustling cities, pristine beaches, colorful hill towns, ancient ruins, and natural wonders with our expert travel tips and advice. Let We Somalia help you explore more and experience the best of Somalia

Where is Somalia?

Somalia , officially the Federal Republic of Somalia The name sparks emotions in the hearts of people who have heard its tale. It is a country located towards the east of Africa, also known as the horn of Africa.

The country is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa’s mainland.

Somalia Travel Advice?

The world is beginning to open back up again following the pandemic, and your travel dreams are about to become reality once again. Looking for a unique travel experience in the  beautiful country of Somalia ? We are here to help.

Founded with a mission to bring authentic travel experiences to tourists that are influenced by local knowledge, our Somalia travel experiences showcase the incredible beauty this country has to offer. 

Boasting the longest coastline on the African mainland , our beautiful country offers plenty of stunning beaches, plateaus, highlands and plains. 

Discover Somalia

By choosing to discover Somalia by researching through us, you will receive up-to-date advice and information that is curated from knowledgeable, passionate locals.

We want to help you have an incredible holiday experience in Somalia. We offer premier Somalia travel advice that will ensure you will have a holiday that is unforgettable. It doesn’t matter what you’re looking for in a holiday, our beautiful country has plenty to offer you.

History of Somalia

Somalia has a wealth of history , and the world Somali was first mentioned in a history book over 3500 years ago. The Egyptians termed Somalia the ‘Land of Punt,’ wherein Punt refers to spices. This is because Somalia grew a variety of aromatic plants that the Egyptian used in their religious festivals.

The climate of Somalia is always hot. The average daily maximum temperature ranges from 30*C to 40*C, which means the country is always beautifully warm. Mogadishu , which is the period from May to October, is marked by the southwest monsoon sea breeze. This is the coolest time of the year for Somalia. The two monsoon periods are October – November and March-May, with Tangambil being the hot, humid periods in between.

Travel to Mogadishu – Capital City Of Somalia

Mogadishu is our capital city , and is incredibly beautiful. The extensive beach is a family favourite on the weekends. Sharia law is strictly enforced in Mogadishu, so women need to swim fully clothed in order to abide by local customs. This beach is incredibly beautiful and has a calm swell. The lovely climate means its beach weather here year-round.

Mogadishu Tourist Attractions

Other popular tourist attractions in Mogadishu include Dhagaxtuur ,  Shanghai Old City ,  and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier “Daljirka Dahsoon”. Shanghai Old City Somalia is no longer open to the public, but is still incredibly scenic and a worthwhile stop on your travels. The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier “Daljirka Dahsoon” is an iconic picture spot within Mogadishu, and is definitely worth stopping for.

Although Somalia may not be your first choice of destination within Africa , it offers a unique, diverse travel experience that will result in lifelong memories. Our website “ We Somalia ” aims to curate in-depth local knowledge in order to allow you to plan the Somalian trip of your dreams.

Somalia offers a unique culture and is currently experiencing an urban boom due to the returning Somalis following a period of civil unrest. Somaliland , in the north of the country, has returned to a peaceful and stable life, which makes it an incredible travel destination.

Somali People & Culture

Somali culture  differs from many African nations. It’s a unique, homogenous ethnic group that share a uniform language, religion and culture. The universal language in Somalia is Somali . The vast majority of the population is Muslim and as a result, Arabic is the second most common language. Sharia law is practiced within the country, so tourists need to be aware of this and abide by local customs as the law is enforced.

Culturally, male and females do not touch each other in public. This is deeply found upon. A common greeting is salam alechem or “iska waran”. It is important to research Somali culture before travelling to this unique destination in order to ensure you abide by cultural norms.

Somali culture is very community-oriented. Working mother’s often have flexible working hours and a wealth of community support in raising their children. Men are seen to be the head of the household, and it is unacceptable for the man to not be seen as the leader of the household. Family is very important, and the culture is focused on the family being more important than the individual in many aspects of life. 

In times of sickness, resources are pooled and it is understood that your belongings are shared. This unique culture makes the Somali people a very welcoming group. We are avid to share our beautiful country and culture with tourists, and this is the motivation behind creating this website.

Somalia Travel Advice: Safety 

If you are looking to plan an incredible Somali adventure , look no further than our website. We offer a wealth of curated knowledge that is provided by locals who live in Somalia in order to give you the best holiday experience. Whether you want to know about tourist attractions or some hidden local spots, our website offers everything you need to know about creating your Somali adventure today.

The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page.

Galmudug Travel

Hirshabelle travel, jubbaland travel, mogadishu travel.

Mogadishu is a huge city in Somalia. It’s a busy place and there are lots of people and noise. It’s also hot and muggy.

There are a lot of interesting things to see and do in Mogadishu. The city is full of mosques, church, and other buildings from different periods. There are also a lot of markets and restaurants .

Puntland Travel

Somaliland travel, south west travel, beaches in somalia.

Somalia beaches are a must-see for tourists. The beaches are beautiful, with crystal-clear waters and white sand beaches. The beaches are also a great place to relax, and many tourists come to Somalia to enjoy the beaches.

Banks of Somalia

Banks of Somalia are a source of stability and growth in the country. They are a vital part of the economy, providing services such as lending, deposits, and money transfers. They are also an important part of the country’s infrastructure, helping to keep the economy running smoothly.

Learn Somali Language

The official languages of Somalia are Somali and Arabic. Most people in the country are Muslims, the majority of them Sunni.

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Somalia travel advice

Explore our complete guide to Somalia with the latest travel advice for travellers and holidaymakers including official updates and local travel tips for Somalia.

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Somalia travel guide - essential info

Below is a beginner's guide to Somalia with essential travel facts such as dominant language spoken, typical flight time from the UK and the local currency. You can also check whether visas are required and what plug adapter you need to pack.

Somalia tourist information

✝ = requirements for UK travellers.

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Somalia weather

The Somalia weather guide shows long term monthly averages for Mogadishu .

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Check the latest travel advice on visiting Somalia from official government sources (in english) from around the world including entry requirements and travel restrictions.

• UK traveller advice for Somalia - UK FCDO
• Irish traveller advice for Somalia - Department of Foreign Affairs, Ireland
• Canadian travel advice for Somalia - Government of Canada
• US travel advisories for Somalia - US Department of State
• Safe travel advisories for Somalia - Ministry of Foreign Affairs, New Zealand
• Smarter traveller advice for Somalia - Department of Foreign Affairs, Australia

Learn more about the current safety and security risks from terrorism, natural disasters and more. Read about the local laws and customs to consider when travelling around Somalia.

Note : UK FCDO - UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

FCDO travel advice

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Somalia travel health

Find out more about staying safe when travelling to Somalia with the latest guidance on required vaccinations and recommended medication to take with you.

• Vaccines & medicines for Somalia - CDC
• Health & vaccinations for Somalia - TravelHealthPro, NaTHNac
• How to stay safe & healthy in Somalia - Fit for Travel, Public Health Scotland

Check out the general travel tips for staying safe and healthy in Somalia, risks of preventable diseases and what to pack.

Note : CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Somalia covid live updates

Check the latest live updates on Covid-19 in Somalia with the vaccination requirements, current available statistics and up-to-date travel advice from government agencies.

• Travellers' health for Somalia - Ministry of Health, Somalia
• Coronavirus timeline in Somalia - Our World in Data

Somalia travel features

Do you want to learn more about Somalia? Read our latest features covering travel tips and insider destination guides on where to go and what to do in Somalia.

We don't currently have any travel features on Somalia. Discover more about holiday destinations around the world with this selection of general travel articles.

Somalia FAQs

Read our frequently asked questions about travelling to Somalia including the current entry restrictions, covid rules, driving side, electrical plugs used and much more.

Are there entry restrictions to Somalia due to Covid-19?

Somalia is open for tourism from the UK. There are no special entry requirements for Somalia. Check out Ministry of Health, Somalia for more information.

Do I need to quarantine in the UK if I travel from Somalia?

You do not need to quarantine on arrival in the UK from Somalia. The UK no longer requires a passenger locator form, Covid-19 test or proof of vaccination.

What is the time difference between Somalia and the UK?

The time difference between Somalia and the UK is UK time+3 hours .

What is the main language spoken in Somalia?

The main languages spoken in Somalia are Somali and Arabic . Learn a language for Somalia with Rosetta Stone * , Mondly * and Busuu * .

What is the currency in Somalia?

The currency in Somalia is the Somali Shilling ( SOS ). Send money to Somalia with World Remit * .

Which plugs are used in Somalia?

Somalia uses electrical plug type G (220 Volts) .

Which side of the road do they drive on in Somalia?

They drive on the right side of the road in Somalia.

Do you need a visa for Somalia?

Yes, UK passport holders do need a visa to enter Somalia. Check Somalia visa requirements for all passport holders with VisaHQ * and iVisa.com * .

Travel advice by country

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Eric Lafforgue

A few decades ago Somalia was a magnet for travellers and, with a bit of luck and a following wind, it could be again. But right now the country is still unsafe for foreigners, with its people, places and infrastructure still recovering from over 25 years of brutal civil war. The situation is not insurmountable. There are increasing signs of hope and Mogadishu, the capital, is experiencing an urban boom thanks to massive investments from returning Somalis. And amid chaos, there is a success story: the self-proclaimed nation of Somaliland, north of the country, which has managed to retain something close to peace and stability. If Somalia does open up for travel, visitors will again be able to experience its fascinating culture and enjoy its natural attractions, bask on pristine beaches and trek across arid mountains.

in partnership with getyourguide

Book popular activities in Somalia

Travel Vaccines and Advice for Somalia

Historically, Somalia is a large commercial center due to its location on the Horn of Africa.

After its independence in 1969, several civil wars have occurred leading into perpetual civil unrest. Somali law consists of civil law, Islamic law, and customary law.

As a result of civil war, al-Shabaab, a militant group emerged in 2006 and pledged its allegiance to al-Qaeda in 2012. Due to this threat of terrorism and ongoing violence in Somalia, it is advised to not travel to the area.

The capital city of Somalia, Hargeisa, is the largest city of Somaliland. The city is a commercial center known for its rock art and construction. Somalia’s other major cities include Mogadishu, Bosaso, and Galkayo.

On This Page: Do I Need Vaccines for Somalia? Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Somalia Health Notices and Outbreaks in Somalia Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Somalia? What Is the Climate Like in Somalia? How Safe Is Somalia? Neolithic Rock Paintings in Somalia What Should I Take to Somalia? U.S. Embassy in Somalia

Do I Need Vaccines for Somalia?

Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Somalia. The CDC and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Somalia: typhoid , cholera , hepatitis A , polio , yellow fever , chikungunya , rabies , hepatitis B , influenza , COVID-19 , pneumonia , meningitis , chickenpox , shingles , Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) .

See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunizations:

• Typhoid – Food & Water – Shot lasts 2 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator.
• Cholera – Food & Water – There have been multiple cholera outbreaks in Somalia in recent years. Vaccination is recommended.
• Hepatitis A – Food & Water – Recommended for most travelers.
• Polio – Food & Water – Required for stays over four weeks. Single adult booster recommended.
• Yellow Fever – Mosquito – Required if traveling from a region with yellow fever. May be recommended for travel to Bakool, Banaadir, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Lower Juba, Lower Shabelle, Middle Juba and Middle Shabelle.
• Chikungunya – Mosquito – Last reported outbreak was in 2016. Due to ongoing conflict, exact case numbers are not available.
• Rabies – Saliva of Infected Animals – High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travelers and those who may come in contact with animals.
• Hepatitis B – Blood & Body Fluids – Recommended for travelers to most regions.
• Influenza – Airborne – Vaccine components change annually.
• COVID-19 – Airborne – Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic.
• Pneumonia – Airborne – Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both.
• Meningitis – Direct Contact & Airborne – Given to anyone unvaccinated or at an increased risk, especially students.
• Chickenpox – Direct Contact & Airborne – Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox.
• Shingles – Direct Contact – Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles.
• Polio – Food & Water – Considered a routine vaccination for most travel itineraries. Single adult booster recommended.
• TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) – Wounds & Airborne – Only one adult booster of pertussis required.
• Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) – Various Vectors – Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended.

See the table below for more information:

Specific Vaccine Information

• Typhoid – Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi, is transmitted through contaminated food and water sources. Vaccination is recommended for travelers and those at higher risk of typhoid exposure. Implementing rigorous hygiene practices and food safety measures is essential for comprehensive protection against infection.
• Cholera – Vibrio cholerae is responsible for cholera, a dangerous disease transmitted through contaminated water and food. Vaccination is a key preventative measure, but it must be coupled with initiatives to provide clean water, enhance sanitation, and foster hygiene practices.
• Hepatitis A – Hepatitis A, a liver infection caused by a contagious virus, can have severe symptoms. To prevent its spread, vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine is essential, along with maintaining hygiene practices. This vaccine effectively protects against infection.
• Polio – Polio, a viral infection that attacks the nervous system, spreads through contact with infected feces. The most effective prevention strategy is vaccination. The vaccine bolsters the immune system’s defenses, reducing the risk of polio.
• Yellow Fever – Yellow fever, spread by infected mosquitoes, poses a health risk in specific regions. The yellow fever vaccine, with its strong track record, provides essential protection for travelers. The vaccine provides lifelong protection.
• Chikungunya – Chikungunya, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, can be prevented through measures like mosquito repellent use. Vaccination provides the best form of protection.
• Rabies – Rabies is a deadly viral disease that affects mammals and spreads through the saliva of infected animals, primarily through bites or scratches. Preventing rabies involves vaccinating pets, avoiding contact with wild animals, and seeking immediate medical attention if exposed. The rabies vaccine is a crucial preventive measure that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus.
• Hepatitis B – The hepatitis B vaccine is a vital tool in the prevention of this liver infection, recommended for all travelers and essential for healthcare workers and those at higher risk of exposure.
• Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) – Measles, mumps, and rubella are infectious diseases that can easily spread. Vaccination remains the primary defense against these threats. The MMR vaccine, with its two-dose regimen, is a reliable way to bolster immunity and reduce the risk of infection and outbreaks.

Malaria in Somalia

Malaria is present in all regions of Somalia. Travelers are advised to take antimalarials no matter their destination or itinerary in the country. Malaria in Somalia is chloroquine resistant, be sure to speak with a travel health specialist on which antimalarial is best for your trip.

Malaria is present and can be a serious risk in Somalia. Antimalarials are key to make sure you stay protected during your trip. Mosquito repellents and netting will also help you avoid diseases like malaria and Dengue .

Healthcare in Somalia is extremely limited with very low stocks of prescription medicine. Make sure to bring enough prescription drugs for your stay. Most medical facilities need payment before a procedure (costs not covered by Medicare).

Visit our vaccinations page to learn more. Travel safely with Passport Health and schedule your appointment today by calling or book online now .

Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Somalia

Prevent bug bites in somalia.

Prevent bug bites by covering up and using insect repellents with DEET or picaridin. If bitten, wash the bite, resist scratching, and soothe with hydrocortisone or antihistamines. Seek urgent care for severe reactions.

Food and Water Safety in Somalia

When eating abroad, prioritize cooked and hot foods, choose reputable eateries, and practice good hand hygiene. Stick to bottled or sealed beverages, avoid tap water, and enjoy hot drinks or alcohol responsibly. To avoid travelers’ diarrhea , follow these tips: eat well-prepared foods, drink safe water, maintain hand hygiene, consider probiotics, and be selective about local dishes.

Altitude Sickness in Somalia

Altitude sickness, or acute mountain sickness (AMS), results from oxygen deprivation at high altitudes, leading to symptoms like headaches and nausea. Prevent AMS by ascending slowly, staying hydrated, and considering medication. If symptoms worsen, descend immediately to lower altitudes and seek medical assistance.

Infections To Be Aware of in Somalia

• African Tick-Bite Fever – African Tick-Bite Fever (ATBF) is transmitted through tick bites. Prevention involves proper clothing, tick repellents, and regular tick inspections. If visiting endemic regions, consult healthcare professionals to further safeguard against ATBF.
• Dengue – The CDC describes dengue fever as a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, presenting symptoms such as rash and joint pain. Prevention strategies focus on reducing mosquito exposure and breeding grounds. Treatment is supportive, emphasizing the importance of mosquito bite prevention.
• Leishmaniasis – Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease carried by sand flies, poses a substantial health risk. Effective prevention includes protective measures like using insect repellents, wearing long clothing, and avoiding outdoor activities during sand fly peak hours.
• Schistosomiasis – Schistosomiasis, a widespread parasitic disease transmitted through freshwater snails, requires awareness and precautionary actions. Prevention involves refraining from activities in contaminated water and wearing protective clothing. Early recognition of symptoms like fever and seeking medical attention are paramount for timely diagnosis and intervention, minimizing the severity of schistosomiasis-related complications and improving health outcomes.

Health Notices and Outbreaks in Somalia

• Polio – Somalia is one of many countries that has reported an instance of polio in the last 12 months. Travelers are advised to make sure their polio vaccination is up-to-date before travel to the region. Those who previously received a full set of polio immunization may need a single, lifetime booster shot.

Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Somalia?

A valid passport and visa are required to travel to Somalia. It is important to prepare these documents long in advance as Somalia’s changing political climate can affect document processing times.

Sources: Embassy of Somalia and U.S. State Department

What Is the Climate Like in Somalia?

Somalia tends to generally have a hot and tropical climate. Heat and humidity are to be expected.

Somalia remains hot year-round, due to its proximity to the equator.

Temperatures range from 82 degrees Fahrenheit to 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Depending on the region, dryness can vary. In the northeastern and central regions of Somalia, the climate is arid. In the northwestern and southwestern regions of Somalia, the climate is semiarid.

There are four main seasons, defined by wind patterns. They include the rainy season of Gu (April-June); the dry season of Xagaa (July-September); a short, rainy season named Dayr; and the tangambili periods that are in-between the two monsoons.

How Safe Is Somalia?

Due to increased terrorist activity from the al-Qaida affiliated group al Shabaab, the U.S. government strongly cautions against travel to Somalia.

There is a large threat of kidnapping of Westerners, especially in Somaliland and Puntland.

Attacks are most common at hotels, restaurants and airports (especially the Mogadishu Aden Adde International Airport).

U.S. citizens should avoid the coasts and sailing due to the high-risk of pirate attacks.

Don’t walk alone at night, dress conservatively and don’t openly display cash or valuables while in Somalia. Do not eat in public during the holy month of Ramadan.

Alcohol is prohibited in Somalia.

The U.S. does not have an embassy in Somalia, which further increases U.S. citizen’s risks.

Neolithic Rock Paintings in Somalia

Avoid an embarrassing stop, over 70% of travelers will have diarrhea., get protected with passport health’s travelers’ diarrhea kit .

In Laas Geel, you will find Neolithic rock paintings throughout a large network of caves, recently discovered in 2003. It is now a UNESCO Heritage Site.

Many travelers claim that if Somalia was more safe, this would be a popular tourist attraction.

These cave paintings on the outskirts of Hargeisa, Somaliland, are some of the earliest cave paintings in Africa. It is a good day trip from the city and would take a couple of hours to view the caves.

The paintings depict cattle, dogs and giraffes.

What Should I Take to Somalia?

Somalia is a dangerous place to travel to due to ongoing conflict and security concerns. The US Department of State has issued a “Do Not Travel” advisory for Somalia, which means that it is not recommended for travelers to visit. If you must go to Somalia for essential reasons, it is important to pack appropriate clothing and items to ensure your safety and comfort.

When packing, consider the conservative culture and hot, dry climate in Somalia. Wear long-sleeved shirts, pants, and dresses to cover exposed skin, especially for women. Choose loose-fitting clothing made from lightweight, breathable fabrics. Comfortable and durable shoes are also important. It is advisable to bring PPE such as bulletproof vests, helmets, and masks to protect yourself from potential harm.

Bring all necessary travel documents including your passport, visa, and any other required permits or documents. Pack any essential medications and a first aid kit, as medical facilities may be limited in Somalia. Bring enough cash for your trip as ATMs and banks may be inaccessible or unavailable. It is also important to bring a mobile phone and charger to stay in contact with others in case of an emergency. Research the current situation in Somalia before your trip and follow any safety guidelines provided by your government or travel advisory.

U.S. Embassy in Somalia

All Americans visiting Somalia should register online with the U.S. Department of State before departure. This will inform the office of your travel plans within the country and will allow them to reach out in the case of an emergency or evacuation.

Unfortunately, there is not currently an embassy nor consulate in Somalia. The U.S. government has put Somalia under the jurisdiction of the Kenyan Embassy:

U.S. Embassy Kenya United Nations Avenue Gigiri, Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: (254) (20) 363-6451 (Monday through Thursday, 7:15 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. and Friday from 7:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m.) Emergency After-Hours Telephone: (254) (20) 363-6000 Email: [email protected]

If you have any questions about traveling to Somalia or are wondering what shots you may need for your trip, schedule an appointment with your local Passport Health travel medicine clinic. Call us at or book online now! and protect yourself today.

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Somalia Healthy Travel Packing List

Pack items for your health and safety.

• You may not be able to purchase and pack all of these items, and some may not be relevant to you and your travel plans. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you.
• This list is general and may not include all the items you need. Check our Traveler Information Center for more information if you are a traveler with specific health needs, such as travelers who are pregnant, immune compromised, or traveling for a specific purpose like humanitarian aid work.
• Remember to pack extras of important health supplies in case of travel delays.

Prescription medicines

• Your prescriptions
• Travelers' diarrhea antibiotic
• Suture/syringe kit Kit is for use by local health care provider & requires a letter from your doctor on letterhead stationery
• Altitude sickness medicine
• Medicine to prevent malaria

Medical supplies

• Glasses Consider packing spare glasses in case yours are damaged
• Contact lenses Consider packing spare contacts in case yours are damaged
• Needles or syringes (for diabetes, for example) Requires a letter from your doctor on letterhead stationery
• Suture kit Kit is for use by local health care provider & requires a letter from your doctor on letterhead stationery
• Diabetes testing supplies
• Epinephrine auto-injectors (EpiPens)
• Medical alert bracelet or necklace

Over-the-counter medicines

• Antihistamine
• Motion sickness medicine
• Cough drops
• Cough suppression/expectorant
• Decongestant
• Medicine for pain and fever Examples: acetaminophen, aspirin, or ibuprofen
• Mild laxative
• Mild sedative or other sleep aid
• Saline nose spray

Supplies to prevent illness or injury

• Hand sanitizer or wipes Alcohol-based hand sanitizer containing at least 60% alcohol or antibacterial hand wipes
• Water purification tablets See CDC recommendations: Water Disinfection .
• Water purification tablets May be needed if camping or visiting remote areas
• Insect repellent Select an insect repellent based on CDC recommendations: Avoid Bug Bites
• Permethrin Permethrin is insect repellent for clothing. It may be needed if you spend a lot of time outdoors. Clothing can also be treated at home in advance.
• Bed net For protection against insect bites while sleeping
• Sunscreen (SPF 15 or greater) with UVA and UVB protection. See Sun Exposure .
• Sunglasses and hat Wear for additional sun protection. A wide brim hat is preferred.
• Personal safety equipment Examples: child safety seats, bicycle helmets
• Latex condoms

First-aid kit

• 1% hydrocortisone cream
• Antifungal ointments
• Antibacterial ointments
• Antiseptic wound cleanser
• Aloe gel For sunburns
• Insect bite treatment Anti-itch gel or cream
• Bandages Multiple sizes, gauze, and adhesive tape
• Moleskin or molefoam for blisters
• Elastic/compression bandage wrap For sprains and strains
• Disposable gloves
• Digital thermometer
• Scissors and safety pins
• Cotton swabs (Q-Tips)
• Oral rehydration salts
• Health insurance documents Health insurance card (your regular plan and/or supplemental travel health insurance plan) and copies of claim forms
• Proof of yellow fever vaccination If required for your trip, take your completed International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis card or medical waiver
• Copies of all prescriptions Make sure prescriptions include generic names. Bring prescriptions for medicines, eye glasses/contacts, and other medical supplies.
• Family member or close contact remaining in the United States
• Health care provider(s) at home
• Lodging at your destination
• Hospitals or clinics (including emergency services) in your destination
• US embassy or consulate in the destination country or countries

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Travel Vaccines and Advice for Somalia

Historically, Somalia is a large commercial centre due to its location on the Horn of Africa.

After its independence in 1969, several civil wars have occurred leading into perpetual civil unrest. Somali law consists of civil law, Islamic law, and customary law.

As a result of civil war, al-Shabaab, a militant group emerged in 2006 and pledged its allegiance to al-Qaeda in 2012. Due to this threat of terrorism and ongoing violence in Somalia, it is advised to not travel to the area.

The capital city of Somalia, Hargeisa, is the largest city of Somaliland. The city is a commercial centre known for its rock art and construction. Somalia’s other major cities include Mogadishu, Bosaso, and Galkayo.

On This Page: Do I Need Vaccines for Somalia? Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Somalia? What is the Climate Like in Somalia? How Safe is Somalia? Neolithic Rock Paintings in Somalia What Should I Take To Somalia? Embassy of the United Kingdom in Somalia

Do I Need Vaccines for Somalia?

Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Somalia. The National Travel Health Network and Centre and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Somalia: COVID-19 , hepatitis A , hepatitis B , typhoid , cholera , yellow fever , rabies , polio and tetanus .

See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunisations:

• COVID-19 – Airborne – Recommended for all travellers
• Hepatitis A – Food & Water – Recommended for most travellers to the region, especially if unvaccinated.
• Hepatitis B – Blood & Body Fluids – Recommended for travellers to most regions.
• Tetanus – Wounds or Breaks in Skin – Recommended for travelers to most regions, especially if not previously vaccinated.
• Typhoid – Food & Water – Jab lasts 3 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator.
• Cholera – Food & Water – Recommended for travel to most regions.
• Yellow Fever – Mosquito – Required if travelling from a region with yellow fever. May be recommended for travel to Bakool, Banaadir, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Lower Juba, Lower Shabelle, Middle Juba and Middle Shabelle
• Rabies – Saliva of Infected Animals – High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-stay travellers and those who may come in contact with animals.
• Polio – Food & Water – Recommended for most travellers to the region. Required for stays over four weeks. Single adult booster recommended.

See the tables below for more information:

Malaria is present and can be a serious risk in Somalia. Antimalarials are key to ensure you stay protected during your trip. Mosquito repellents and netting will also help you avoid diseases like malaria and Dengue .

Healthcare in Somalia is extremely limited with very low stocks of prescription medicine. Ensure to bring enough prescription drugs for your stay. Most medical facilities need payment before a procedure (costs not covered by Medicare).

Visit our vaccinations page to learn more. Travel safely with Passport Health and schedule your appointment today by calling or book online now .

Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Somalia?

Visas for Somalia are required and available on arrival. But, receiving your passport before travel is recommended. Passports must be valid for at least the duration of your stay. Proof of yellow fever vaccination may be required if you are travelling from a region where yellow fever is present.

Sources: Embassy of Somalia and GOV.UK

What is the Climate Like in Somalia?

The border with Chad tends to generally have a hot and tropical climate. Heat and humidity are to be expected.

Somalia remains hot year-round, due to its proximity to the equator.

Temperatures range from 25 to 40 degrees. Depending on the region, dryness can vary. In the northeastern and central regions of Somalia, the climate is arid. In the northwestern and southwestern regions of Somalia, the climate is semiarid.

There are four main seasons, defined by wind patterns. They include the rainy season of Gu (April-June); the dry season of Xagaa (July-September); a short, rainy season named Dayr; and the tangambili periods that are in-between the two monsoons.

How Safe is Somalia?

Due to increased terrorist activity from the al-Qaida affiliated group al Shabaab, The government of the UK strongly cautions against travel to Somalia.

There is a large threat of kidnapping of Westerners, especially in Somaliland and Puntland.

Attacks are most common at hotels, restaurants and airports (especially the Mogadishu Aden Adde International Airport).

UK citizens should avoid the coasts and sailing due to the high-risk of pirate attacks.

Don’t walk alone at night, dress conservatively and don’t openly display cash or valuables whilst in Somalia. Do not eat in public during the holy month of Ramadan.

Alcohol is prohibited in Somalia.

Neolithic Rock Paintings in Somalia

In Laas Geel, you will find Neolithic rock paintings throughout a large network of caves, recently discovered in 2003. It is now a UNESCO Heritage Site.

Many travellers claim that if Somalia was more safe, this would be a popular tourist attraction.

These cave paintings on the outskirts of Hargeisa, Somaliland, are some of the earliest cave paintings in Africa. It is a good day trip from the city and would take a couple of hours to view the caves.

The paintings depict cattle, dogs and giraffes.

What Should I Take To Somalia?

Here are some essential items to consider for your trip to Somalia:

• Prescription meds are hard to find in Somalia and when found, they could be forged.
• Bring clothing to dress like the locals. Women should pack long shirts and skirts; no trousers. They should also wear headscarves around their heads. Men should always wear long trousers.

Embassy of the United Kingdom in Somalia

If you are in Somalia and have an emergency (for example, been attacked, arrested or someone has died) contact the nearest consular services. Contact the embassy before arrival if you have additional questions on entry requirements, safety concerns or are in need of assistance.

The British Embassy in Somalia is only able to provide limited service. Travel at your own risk.

British Embassy Mogadishu Mogadishu Somalia Contact Form: Click Here

If you have any questions about travelling to Somalia or are wondering which jabs you may need for your trip, schedule an appointment with your local Passport Health travel medicine clinic. Ring us up at or book online now! and protect yourself today.

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Travel Advice for Somalia

Going to Somalia and need to know about the latest government travel advice for Somalia? Find the updated travel advice and travel warnings for Somalia from governments around the world, here.

General Travel Advice and Warnings for Somalia

The decision to travel to Somalia is your choice and you are accountable for your individual safety and security whilst in Somalia.

The web content on this web page is provided for information only and pulled together from travel advice and warnings for Somalia by authorities around the globe to their citizens.

While we make every effort to provide you most recent travel advice details, it is given on an “as is” basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied.

This operators of this web site does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

General Cautions Travellers Need to Keep in Mind When Travelling in Somalia

Crime – Petty crimes such as pick pocketing in a congested surrounding to sexual assault and robberies do happen in larger cities of Somalia. Make sure that all your personal valuables, including passports and other travel documents, are secure at all times.

Terrorism – Constantly be aware of your surroundings when in public locations. Be particularly alert if participating in sporting occasions and during religious holidays and various other public events, as terrorists often use such celebrations to mount attacks.

Demonstrations and Protests – Demonstrations might take place. Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also result in disruptions to traffic and public transport. It is in your interest of safety and security to stay clear of locations where demonstrations and huge events are taking place and comply with the guidelines of local authorities. Monitor local media in Somalia for information on on-going demonstrations in Somalia.

Scams – Take care in popular tourist locations in Somalia, where scammers target foreigners. If you have actually been scammed in Somalia, reach a safe area immediately; make note, as soon as possible of the name and address of the facility where you were held; alert the cops in Somalia and acquire a report and if your credit card is used by the scammer call your credit card provider to inform the scam; they will likely ask for a copy of the police report to cancel the transaction.

Spiked Food and Beverages – Never ever leave food or beverages unattended or in the care of strangers when travelling in Somalia or anywhere else. Watch out for accepting snacks, beverages, gum or cigarettes from new acquaintances. These items may contain drugs that could put you in danger of sexual assault and robbery.

What is the entry/exit conditions for Somalia?

Every nation or territory decides who can get in or exit through its borders, in the same manner Somalia decides who enter its territories. The Government of your home country cannot step in on your behalf if you do not meet your Somalia’s entry or exit requirements.

To learn more regarding the entry/exit requirement for Somalia go to visa requirements for Somalia or get the latest info with the visa office at the Somalilander embassy in your home country.

Travel insurance policy for Somalia

Health cover is just one of the primary factors visitors get travel insurance. It will not prevent you getting sick or seriously injured, though it can prevent you being affected financially. Medical support overseas can be really expensive.

You should shell out for all treatment you obtain overseas. You can not expect to get free or subsidised care through your Somalia’s public health system, like you would in your home country.

If you can’t pay, local authorities can arrest you. The government from your home country can’t pay you medical expense for you, loan you money or get you out of jail.

You require travel insurance policy for travelling to Somalia . You also need to see to it you select a plan that is right for you.

Read through the fine print of your travel insurance policy.

Declare all pre-existing conditions to your travel insurance company upfront. If you do not, you may invalidate your travel insurance policy.

Inform your travel insurance company the activities you plan to do, before you go. Many popular activities like winter sports are left out in standard plans. You may require to pay additional.

Check if you have free credit card travel insurance policy. Some cards include travel insurance cover. Nevertheless, they usually have various conditions than paid policies. Understand the differences.

If you’re visiting Somalia from a country that has a reciprocatory healthcare arrangement, you still require travel health insurance. Agreements are limited in what they’ll will cover.

If you have an incurable disease, you might not be able to get basic travel insurance coverage. However you may have the ability to get a specialised insurer that covers you for health, mishaps or property problems unassociated to your ailment. Talk to your insurance firm to find out.

Learn more about getting global travel insurance policy for Somalia before you go.

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